Insulin Pump is a small and computerized medical device that can be programmed to send a continuous stream of insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin is a hormone needed to control glucose (blood sugar), the body's main fuel. People with diabetes have problems using and producing insulin, and some, including anyone with type 1 diabetes, need artificial sources of insulin that can be delivered by injection or a pump. Insulin pumps offer flexibility because they release insulin slowly and continuously in an imitation of the human pancreas. However, Insulin pumps have been developed in the world so far, do not make fully automatic adjustments based on the body's needs like the pancreas of human body. But insulin pumps are the most accurate, precise, and flexible insulin delivery system currently available. With the monitoring of glucose (blood sugar) levels, Insulin pump users adjust their insulin dosage according to the healthcare team¡¯s guide, and which will bring the pump users more convenient living than other conventional insulin therapies. Insulin pumps are about the size of a compact cell phone and are usually worn on a belt or in a pocket. The pump and its delivery system are mainly composed of the following parts: Syringe (reservoir) Battery-operated pump. Computer chip that controls how much insulin is delivered to the patient. Infusion Set. A thin plastic tube is connected to the pump and the tube has a needle-like plastic or metal tip (cannula) that is inserted under the skin. An Infusion set is changed every few days. Insulin is delivered through this infusion set from the pump to the body. The infusion set is taped into place on the patient's body. When this is done properly, the patient does not feel it throughout the day or night. The tube and pump can be temporarily removed from the infusion set for activities such as contact sports. Insulin pumps can be kept in a pocket or attached to a belt, shirt, underwear or other garments. The pump syringe (reservoir) holds about three days¡¯ worth of short-acting insulin. The small battery-powered pump pushes a plunger to force the gradual delivery of medication out of the pump, through plastic tubing and into the cannula. Insulin empties out of the cannula and is absorbed into the body. This method of delivering insulin is known as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. They operate throughout the day and night to deliver the medication in three ways: Basal rate. This is a continuous trickle of insulin that keeps glucose levels stable overnight and between meals. Bolus dose. This is a surge of insulin that occurs shortly before a person eats. Corrective or supplemental doses. Pumps come with built-in warning systems that alert patients when insulin flow has been halted, batteries are low or other conditions have arisen that require the patient's attention. Insulin pumps allow patients to control glucose levels with a minimal disruption to their lives. For example, patients using insulin pumps do not have to plan their mealtimes and activities to correspond to certain periods of peak insulin activity. Insulin pumps allow patients to control glucose levels with a minimal disruption to their lives. For example, patients using insulin pumps do not have to plan their mealtimes and activities to correspond to certain periods of peak insulin activity. Pumps have been used with schoolchildren, teenagers and adults. Pumps can be temporarily removed during certain activities. However, patients generally should not keep their pump detached for more than one or two hours. Some activities that tend to lower glucose levels may allow the patient to stay detached from the pump for longer periods of time. However, individuals should discuss this beforehand with their physician. * Doctor's prescription is needed to use an insulin pump and pump users have to follow the guidelines and training from the Doctor or healthcare team on the insulin pump. People who take insulin. People who have frequent problems with hyper (high) or hypo (low) glycemia (blood sugar). People who have difficulty maintaining control over their glycemia. Women who are pregnant and having problems with her glycemia. People who travel frequently or have unpredictable schedules. People who play sports or are regularly active. People who are very motivated to maintain tight control. People who want the utmost control over their schedule. Improved Control. Near normal glycemia means better health, a chance to avoid complications and prolong life. Users always report better control with a pump than they were able to achieve using multiple daily injections. Flexibility. Since insulin pumps deliver only short acting insulin, you are freed from the need to eat at specific times to cover long acting insulin that you injected hours before. You are able to sleep late without worrying about your glycemia going high because you have basal insulin continuously infused by the pump Precision. Pumps deliver insulin much more precisely and accurately than anyone can with a syringe or pen injector. Accurate delivery of very small boluses(dose of insulin) helpful for young patients. Growing support among doctors and insurance companies for its benefits in reducing. long-term complications of diabetes Improvements in blood glucose control. Patients can control the amount of insulin needed according to their meal. Landmark studies demonstrate that improving blood glucose control can reduce or prevent the complications of diabetes. In fact, intensive therapy achieved with multiple daily injections or an insulin pump has been shown to reduce the onset and progression of diabetes complications by up to 76%. It is clinically proven that ANY sustained lowering of blood glucose can reduce your risk*. * Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. New Engl J Med. 1993;329:977-986.